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                 Prophylactic Ureteric Catheterization with Illuminated Ureteric Stent during Difficult Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgeries

             Some surgeons advocate that this practice of     indications being the inflammatory bowel diseases, previous
          preoperative placement of ureteric stents should help avoid  abdominal or pelvic surgeries, previous exposure to
          ureteric injury, 1,3,4  while others fear the potential injury  radiation, obesity and colorectal malignancies. Due to the
          during insertion and postoperative urinary complications  intraoperative identification of ureters, the iatrogenic injury
          including oliguria, anuria and urinary tract infection.  due to surgery and also the conversion rate to laparotomies
          Moreover, the insertion of preoperative ureteric catheters  is also minimized. Hence, use of prophylactic illuminated
          increases both the length of time in the operating room and  ureteric catheters is justified.
          that under anesthesia as well as the overall cost of the
          procedure.                                          REFERENCES
             Ureteric stents can be of great help, if ureter   1. Tsujinaka S, Wexner SD, Dasilva G, Sands DR. Prophylactic
                                          5
          identification difficulty is anticipated.  Standard 5F stents  ureteric caterters in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Tech
                                                                  Coloproctol 2008;12:45-50.
          placement at the beginning of surgery allows easy    2. Agachan F, Joo JS, Weiss EG, Wexner SD. Intraoperative
          identification by palpation. However, this is not 100%  laparoscopic complications. Dis Colon and Rectum 1996;39:
          reliable. The use of illuminated ureteric stents adds another  S14-19.
          dimension to ensuring ureteric safety in complex cases by  3. Bothwell WN, Bleicher RJ, Dent TL. Prophylactic ureteral
          giving direct visualization of the ureteric position throughout  catheterization in colon surgery. Dis Colon Rectum 1994;37:
                                                                  330-34.
                      6
          the dissection.  Ureteric catheters may be particularly useful  4. Kyzer S, Gordon PH. The prophylactic use of ureteral catheters
          during laparoscopic colorectal procedures in which tactile  during colorectal operations. Am Surg 1994;60:212-26.
          localization is difficult.                           5. Nam YS, Steven D, Wexner. Clinical value of prophylactic
             Intraoperative complications have included laceration  ureteral stent indwelling during laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
                                                                  J Korean Med Sci 2002;17:633-35.
                                                      7
          or perforation of the ureter during the stent placement.  Well  6. Phipps JH, Tyrell NJ. Transilluminating ureteric stents for
          et al noted a 2.2% intraoperative complication rate in 561  preventing operative ureteric damage. Br J Obstet Gynaecol
          prophylactic ureteric catheterizations, similar to the 2% rate  1992;99:81.
                            8
          reported by Leff et al.  No iatrogenic injury to ureters were  7. Sheikh FA, Khubchandani IT. Prophylactic ureteric catheters
          observed in our study.                                  in colon surgery—how safe are they? Report of three cases.
                                                                  Dis Colon Rectum 1990;33:508-10.
             Pandya et al investigated the conversions in 200  8. Leff EL, Groff W, Rubin RJ, Eisenstat TE, Salavati EP. Use of
          laparoscopic colorectal surgeries to laparotomies in 47 of  ureteral catheters in colonic and rectal surgery. Dis Colon
          them for which the indication was nonidentification of  Rectum 1982;25:457-60.
                9
          ureters.  In another study by Huscher et al there were 21  9. Pandya S, Murray JJ, Coller JA, Rusin LC. Laparoscopic
                                                                  colectomy: Indications of conversion to laparotomy. Arch Surg
          conversions out of 200 for nonvisualization of ureters.  1999;134:471-75.
          In our study, since the ureters were identified in all the
          patients there was no conversion of laparoscopic surgery to  ABOUT THE AUTHORS
          laparotomy. So, this is an advantage in reducing the number
          of conversions.                                     Manash Ranjan Sahoo (Corresponding Author)
                                                              Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, SCB Medical College
          CONCLUSION                                          Cuttack, Odisha, India, Phone: 06712414034, 09937025779
                                                              e-mail: manash67@gmail.com
          To conclude, prophylactic placement of illuminated ureteric
          catheters can be of great help in identifying the ureters  T Anil Kumar
          especially in difficult colorectal surgeries and can be  Postgraduate Student, Department of Surgery, SCB Medical College
                                                     3,4
          performed with minimal morbidity to the patient.  The  Cuttack, Odisha, India

















          World Journal of Laparoscopic Surgery, September-December 2012;5(3):113-115                      115
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