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Effect of Different Carbon Dioxide Pressure Gradients in Capnoperitoneum for Laparoscopic Examination in Dogs

Low insufflations pressure in group A might attributed 5. Windberger U, Siegl H, Woisetschlager R. Haemodynamic
to the unaltered plasma sodium, potassium and chloride as changes during prolonged laparoscopic surgery. Eur Surg Res
1994;26:1-9.
22
reported by Yavuz et al Furthermore, CP maintained for 6. Cruz AM, Kerr CL, Boure LP, Sears WC. Cardiovascular effects
only 30 minutes in animals of the present study might be of insufflation of the abdomen with carbon dioxide in standing
23
insufficient to inflict any changes. Two cytosolic enzymes horses sedated with detomidine. Am J Vet Res 2004;65:
ALT and AST are mostly used to evaluate hepatic function. 357-62.
In this study both the ALT and AST revealed no statistically 7. Hardie RJ, Planders JA, Schmidt P, Credille KM, Pedrick JP,
Short CE. Biochemical and histological evaluation of a
significant changes among the different groups in respect laparoscopic stapled gastropexy technique in dogs. Vet Surg
to different time intervals. 1996;25:127-33.
A nonsignificant increase of the mean plasma level of 8. Crist DW, Gadacz TR. Complications of laparoscopic surgery.
BUN, creatinine and uric acid was observed in post-CP Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 1993;73:265-89.
period in all three groups and remained above the base 9. Davidson EB, Moll HD, Payton ME. Comparison of
laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy and ovariohysterectomy in
value throughout the rest part of the observation period. dogs. Vet Surg 2004;33:62-69.
This transient nonsignificant increase might be due to the 10. Nord HJ. Complications of laparoscopy. Endoscopy 1992;24:
effect of CP. In the present study, change of plasma cortisol 693-700.
in all groups was probably due to the effect of 11. Lew M, Nowicki M, Jaynski M, Rychlik A. Laparoscope
guided renal biopsy in dogs. Medycina Weterynaryjna 2003:59:
pneumoperitoneum rather than operative trauma. Change 307-10.
of plasma cortisol level had also been reported by O’Leary 12. Seed RF, Shakespeare TF, Muldoon MJ. Carbon dioxide
24
et al at the time of laparoscopy. Marcovich et al 25 homeostasis during anesthesia for laparoscopy. Anaesthes
reported a higher cortisol level at 4 hours after laparoscopy 1970;25:223-28.
in dogs. This change was reflected markedly in CP at 13. Pearson MRB, Sander ML. Hyperkalaemia associated with
prolonged insufflation of carbon dioxide into the peritoneal
14 mm Hg than 6 mm Hg. cavity. Br J Anaesth 1994;72:602-04.
14. Perner A, Bugge K, Lyng KM, Schulze S, Kristensen PA,
CONCLUSION Bendtsen A. Changes in plasma potassium concentration during
carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum. Br J Anaesthes 1999;82:
The results of this study indicated that 10 mm Hg of CO 2 137-39.
pressure gradient provided optimum laparoscopic 15. Joris JL, Noirot DP, Legrand MJ, Jacquet NJ, Lamy ML.
visualization of intra-abdominal organs and minimum Haemodynamic changes during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Anesth Analg 1993;76:1067-71.
physiological, biochemical, electrocardiographical changes 16. Yoshinobu M, Haruhisa H, Yuji H, Tadashi N, Yoshiaki H.
and hormonal stress during laparoscopic examination Effects of systemic hypoxia on R-R interval and blood pressure
in dogs. variabilities in conscious rats. Am J Physiol 1998;275:H797-
804.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 17. Halachmi S, Ghoneimi AE, Bissonnette B, Zaarour C, Bagli DJ,
McLorie GA, et al. Haemodynamic and respiratory effect of
The authors are highly thankful to the Indian Council of paediatric urological laparoscopic surgery: A retrospective study.
J Urol 2003;170:1651-54.
Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, for providing 18. Tilley LP. Essentials of canine and feline electrocardiography.
financial assistance in the term of Ad-hoc project granted Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger 1985;134-37.
on laparoscopic study in animals. 19. Coulter DB, Duncan RJ, Sander PD. Effects of asphyxia and
potassium on canine and feline electrocardiograms. Can J Comp
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