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            Can Intraperitoneal Tramadol decrease Pain in Patients undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Postoperative Period?
          tramadol can be used safely at doses as in our study    in preoperative symptoms and intraoperative events. Surg
          intraperitoneally, which can be correlated with study   Endosc 1994 Feb;8(2):90-96.
          done by Akinci et al. 13                              8.  Joshipura VP, Haribhakti SP, Patel NR, Naik RP, Soni HN,
                                                                  Patel B, Bhavsar MS, Narwaria MB, Thakker R. A prospective
                                                                  randomized, controlled study comparing low pressure versus
          CONCLUSION                                              high pressure pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic
                                                                  cholecystectomy. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2009
          Intraperitoneal tramadol significantly reduces pain scores   Jun;19(3):234-240.
          in early postoperative period (4 hours in our study),     9.  Roberts KJ, Gilmour J, Pande R, Nightingale P, Tan LC,
          and requirement of rescue analgesic for first 8 hours   Khan S. Efficacy of intraperitoneal local anaesthetic tech-
          without significantly increasing incidence of adverse   niques during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc
          effect or hemodynamic complications. So, it can be safely   2011 Nov;25(11):3698-3705.
          introduced for control of postoperative pain in patients     10.  Barczynski M, Konturek A, Herman RM. Superiority of
                                                                  preemptive analgesia with intraperitoneal instillation of
          undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.                bupivacaine before rather than after the creation of pneumo-
                                                                  peritoneum for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized,
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          World Journal of Laparoscopic Surgery, January-April 2017;10(1):26-29                             29
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