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WJOLS

Comparing Task Performance and Comfort during Nonpulmo nary Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery

VATS Heller’s Esophagocardiomyotomy

The mean execution time for VATS esophagocardiomy-
otomy using the BDP for ports placement was 1375 seconds
(1360-1400 seconds). The mean time using the TTP for ports
placement was 1048.33 seconds (1000-1100 seconds). This
shows a mean difference of 326.67 seconds with the BDP
of port placement taking a longer time to execute (Table 1).
The data for the execution time by using both the BDP
and TTP were found to be statistically significant and
reproducible using chi-square, although BDP is more repro-
2
ducible (c -value of 0.797 and 7.90 respectively, at a p-value
of 11.07). Hence, the difference between the execution times
when BDP and TTP were used was statistically significant
Fig. 5: Ports for VATS thoracic sympathectomy: and VATS esophagocardiomyotomy done using BDP takes
BDP vs TTP a longer time to be executed.

(530-580 seconds). The mean time using the TTP for ports There were major errors recorded while using both

placement was 654 seconds (625-670 seconds). This shows the BDP and TTP for port placement in VATS esophago-
a mean difference of 93 seconds with the TTP of port place- cardiomyotomy. One episode of esophageal perforation
ment taking a longer time to execute (Table 1). was recorded using BDP while an episode of esophageal
The data for the Execution time by using both the BDP perforation and one aortic injury were recorded.
and TTP were found to be statistically significant and Thus, VATS esophagocardiomyotomy using BDP and
2
reproducible using chi-square (c -value of 2.649 and 2.734 TTP are comparable in terms of the error rates but TTP may
respectively at a p-value of 11.07). Hence, the difference be associated with more complications.
between the execution times when BDP and TTP were used The surgeon’s discomfort during VATS esophago-
was statistically significant and VATS pericardial window cardiomyotomy using the BDP for port placement ranged
done using TTP takes a longer time to be executed. from 4 to 7 (mean of 5.83) and the discomfort when the TTP
There were no major errors (myocardial injury) recorded was used ranged from 6 to 8 (mean of 7). VATS esophago-
while using both the BDP and TTP for port placement in cardiomyotomy using the application of TTP causes more
VATS pericardial window. Thus, VATS pericardial window discomfort to the surgeon than using the BDP.
using BDP and TTP are comparable in terms of the error
rates. VATS Thoracic Sympathectomy
The surgeon’s discomfort during VATS pericardial The mean execution time for VATS thoracic sympathec tomy
window using the BDP for port placement ranged from 3 to using the BDP for ports placement was 656 seconds (590-
5 (mean of 3.83) and the discomfort when the TTP was used 700 seconds). The mean time using the TTP for ports place-
ranged from 3 to 6 (mean of 4.17). VATS pericardial window ment was 462 seconds (432-505 seconds). This shows a
between the application of BDP and TTP is comparable in mean difference of 194 seconds with the BDP of port place-
terms of the surgeon’s discomfort. ment taking a longer time to execute (Table 1).
There was presence of mirror imaging when TTP was The data for the execution time by using the BDP was
2
used which made the procedure difficult. not significant and not reproducible (c of 21.04) but that
Table 1: Execution time (seconds) for VATS pericardial window, esophagocardiomyotomy and thoracic sympathectomy between
BDP and TTP
VATS PW VATS OCM VATS TS
Sl. no. BDP TTP BDP TTP BDP TTP
1. 580 670 1360 1010 700 505
2. 555 670 1370 1080 650 470
3. 570 644 1365 1100 700 435
4. 570 670 1370 1070 596 460
5. 530 645 1385 1030 590 470
6. 561 625 1400 1000 700 432
mean 561 654 1375 1048.33 656 462
World Journal of Laparoscopic Surgery, May-August 2014;7(2):60-65 63