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A Prospective Observational Study on Single-incision or Conventional Three-port Laparoscopic TEP Inguinal Hernia Repair
            Statistical Analysis                               Sex Distribution
            Data were expressed as average and percentage. All the inferences   CTEP Group
            for comparison within the group were made using Fisher exact test,   In our study of 30 patients, CTEP group consisted of 15 patients.
            Chi-square test, and unpaired Students t-test. A p-value of <0.05   All the cases were males as is shown in the Table 2A and Figure 8A.
            was considered significant.
                                                               SILS TEP Group
                                                               In our study of 30 patients, SILS TEP group consisted of 15 patients.
            results                                            All of cases were males; as is shown in the Table 2B and Figure 8B.
            Age Distribution
            CTEP Group                                         Site of Hernia
            In our study of 30 patients, CTEP group consisted of 15 patients.   CTEP Group
            There were two cases between the age-group of 30–40 years; four   In our study of 30 patients, CTEP group consisted of 15 patients.
            cases in the age-group of 41–50; eight cases between the age-group   Right inguinal hernia was present in 10 cases. Left inguinal hernia
            of 51–60; and one case above the age of 60 years. Majority of cases   was present in four cases. Bilateral inguinal hernia was present in
            belong to age-group of 51–60 years with mean age of 50.67 as is   one case. Most cases had right-sided inguinal hernia as shown in
            shown in the Table 1A and Figure 7A.               the Table 3A and Figure 9A.

            SILS TEP Group                                     SILS TEP Group
            In our study of 30 patients, SILS TEP group consisted of 15 patients.   In our study of 30 patients, SILS TEP group consisted of 15 patients.
            There were three patients between the age-group of 30–40 years;   Right inguinal hernia was present in eight cases. Left inguinal hernia
            four cases in the age-group of 41–50; seven cases between the age-  was present in five cases. Bilateral inguinal hernia was present in
            group of 51–60; and one case above the age of 60 years. Majority   two cases. Most cases had right-sided inguinal hernia as shown in
            of cases belong to age-group 51–60 years with mean age of 41.4   the Table 3B and Figure 9B.
            as is shown in the Table 1B and Figure 7B.
                                                               Type of Hernia
                                                               CTEP Group
              Table 1A: Age distribution in CTEP group
                                                               In our study of 30 patients, 15 cases underwent CTEP. Indirect
               Age-group              Number of patients       inguinal hernia was seen in eight cases, while seven cases had direct
               30–40                         2                 inguinal hernia as is shown in Table 4A and Figure 10A.
               41–50                         4
               51–60                         8                 Table 2A: Sex distribution in patients of CTEP group
               >60                           1                  Sex                                Number of patients
                                                                Males                                   15
              Table 1B: Age distribution in patients of SILS TEP group  Females                          0
               Age-group                Number of patients
               30–40                          3                Table 2B: Sex distribution in patients of SILS TEP group
               41–50                          4                 Sex                               Number of patients
               51–60                          7                 Males                                   15
               >60                            1
                                                                Females                                  0

























            Figs 7A and B: (A) Age distribution in CTEP group; (B) Age distribution in patients of SILS TEP group

             80   World Journal of Laparoscopic Surgery, Volume 15 Issue 1 (January–April 2022)
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