Dr. R.K. Mishra's Lecture on Laparoscopic Management of Hydatid Cyst at CAMLS, USF, Florida during Fellowship of Minimal Access Surgery Course organized by World Laparoscopy Training Institute, Florida USA.

Echinococcosis is spread by contact with animal feces contaminated with tapeworm eggs. Sources include contaminated food, water, and animal fur. Cysts containing tapeworm larvae may grow in the body for years before symptoms appear. When cysts become large, they may cause nausea, weakness, coughing, and stomach or chest pain. Treatment may include surgery, removal of fluid from the cysts, and medication.

Laparoscopic management of hydatid cyst is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to remove a parasitic cyst called a hydatid cyst from the liver, spleen, or other organs. Here is an overview of the procedure:

Anesthesia: The patient will be placed under general anesthesia.

Port placement: Several small incisions will be made in the abdomen to allow access for the laparoscope and other instruments. Typically, three to four ports will be placed.

Identification of the cyst: The laparoscope will be inserted through one of the incisions to allow the surgeon to view the cyst. The location, size, and number of cysts will be assessed.

Aspiration and sterilization: The cyst will be aspirated (drained) and the contents will be removed. The cyst will then be sterilized with a scolicidal agent, such as hypertonic saline, to kill any remaining parasites.

Resection of the cyst wall: The surgeon will carefully dissect and remove the cyst wall, making sure to remove all visible cysts and surrounding tissue to prevent recurrence.

Closure of incisions: The incisions will be closed with sutures or surgical glue.

Recovery: The patient will be monitored in the recovery room until they wake up from anesthesia, and then will be transferred to a regular hospital room. They may experience mild pain or discomfort, which can be managed with medication.

Laparoscopic management of hydatid cyst is generally associated with less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, and quicker recovery times compared to traditional open surgery. However, as with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks and complications, such as bleeding, infection, and injury to surrounding organs. It is important to discuss the risks and benefits of laparoscopic management of hydatid cyst with your healthcare provider to determine if it is the best option for you.

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