Laparoscopic Fundoplication Lecture by Dr. R.K. Mishra

Laparoscopic fundoplication is a surgical procedure used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). GERD is a chronic condition in which stomach acid and contents flow back up into the esophagus, causing heartburn, regurgitation, and other symptoms. Laparoscopic fundoplication involves wrapping the upper part of the stomach around the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) to strengthen the valve and prevent reflux.

The laparoscopic fundoplication procedure typically involves several steps. First, the patient is placed under general anesthesia. Next, the surgeon makes several small incisions in the abdomen and inserts a laparoscope, which is a small camera that provides a clear view of the inside of the abdomen. Specialized instruments are then used to carefully dissect and free up the stomach, allowing it to be wrapped around the LES.

Once the stomach is properly positioned, the surgeon will use sutures to create a tight wrap around the LES. This helps to prevent reflux and improve the function of the valve. In some cases, a small mesh device may also be used to reinforce the wrap and provide additional support.

After the procedure, patients will typically stay in the hospital for one or two nights for observation. They will need to follow a special diet for several weeks and avoid strenuous activity for a few weeks to allow for proper healing. Most patients are able to return to normal activities within a few weeks after surgery.

Laparoscopic fundoplication is a safe and effective procedure for treating GERD. It offers several advantages over traditional open surgery, including smaller incisions, less pain, and a shorter recovery time. However, not all patients are candidates for laparoscopic fundoplication. Patients with extensive scarring or other medical conditions may require open surgery or other treatment options.

In conclusion, laparoscopic fundoplication is a surgical procedure used to treat GERD. It involves wrapping the upper part of the stomach around the lower esophageal sphincter to strengthen the valve and prevent reflux. While laparoscopic fundoplication is generally safe and effective, patients should discuss the risks and benefits of the procedure with their surgeon to determine the best treatment plan for their individual needs.