This video demonstrate Dr R K Mishra delivering lecture on Advantages and Disadvantages of Minimal Access Surgery part 2 at World Laparoscopy Hospital. laparosocpy surgery have many advantages over the open surgery like the incision size is small, recovery faster, the stay is hospital is less, resumption of work is faster and many more.

Minimal access surgery (MAS), also known as laparoscopic surgery or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique that allows surgical procedures to be performed through small incisions instead of large incisions. The surgical instruments are guided by a camera that transmits images of the inside of the body onto a screen, allowing the surgeon to perform the procedure with great precision. In this essay, we will explore the advantages and disadvantages of minimal access surgery.

Advantages of Minimal Access Surgery:

Reduced trauma to tissues: The small incisions used in MAS cause less trauma to the tissues compared to traditional open surgery, resulting in less pain, less scarring, and faster recovery times.

Reduced blood loss: Because MAS is less invasive, there is less blood loss during the procedure.

Reduced risk of infection: The small incisions used in MAS reduce the risk of infection compared to traditional open surgery, as there is less exposure to the external environment.

Reduced hospital stay: Patients who undergo MAS typically have a shorter hospital stay compared to traditional open surgery, as they recover faster and experience fewer complications.

Improved cosmetic results: The small incisions used in MAS result in smaller scars that are less visible, leading to better cosmetic outcomes.

Faster return to normal activities: Patients who undergo MAS are able to return to their normal activities sooner than those who undergo traditional open surgery.

Increased accuracy: The use of a camera during MAS provides the surgeon with a magnified, three-dimensional view of the surgical site, allowing for greater accuracy and precision during the procedure.

Reduced postoperative pain: Because MAS is less invasive, patients experience less postoperative pain compared to traditional open surgery.

Reduced risk of hernias: The small incisions used in MAS reduce the risk of incisional hernias compared to traditional open surgery.

Reduced risk of blood clots: Patients who undergo MAS are less likely to develop blood clots compared to traditional open surgery, as they are more mobile and experience less trauma to the tissues.

Reduced risk of scarring: The small incisions used in MAS result in less scarring compared to traditional open surgery.

Reduced risk of adhesions: Because MAS causes less trauma to the tissues, there is a reduced risk of adhesions, which are bands of scar tissue that can form after surgery and cause pain and other complications.

Disadvantages of Minimal Access Surgery:

Technically demanding: MAS requires specialized training and expertise, and is technically more demanding than traditional open surgery.

Longer operative time: Because MAS is a more complex procedure, it can take longer to perform than traditional open surgery.

Higher cost: The specialized equipment and training required for MAS make it more expensive than traditional open surgery.

Limited tactile feedback: The use of long instruments during MAS can limit the surgeon's ability to feel and manipulate tissue, leading to a loss of tactile feedback.

Complications related to pneumoperitoneum: During MAS, carbon dioxide gas is used to create a working space inside the abdomen. In rare cases, this can lead to complications such as gas embolism, pneumothorax, or hypercapnia.

Risk of organ damage: Because the surgeon is working with limited visibility and tactile feedback during MAS, there is a risk of unintentional damage to surrounding organs and tissues.

Limited availability: MAS requires specialized training and equipment, which may not be available in all hospitals and healthcare facilities.

Limited access to certain areas: The small incisions used in MAS can limit access to certain areas of the body, which may make it difficult to perform some surgical procedures.

Increased risk of complications during learning curve: During the initial learning curve, surgeons may experience a higher rate of complications during MAS due to their lack of experience with the technique.

Reduced tactile feedback: The use of long instruments during MAS can limit the surgeon's ability to feel and manipulate tissue, leading to a loss of tactile feedback.

Higher risk of conversion to open surgery: In some cases, MAS may need to be converted to traditional open surgery due to technical difficulties or complications.

Longer learning curve: Learning to perform MAS requires specialized training and expertise, which can take longer than traditional surgical training.

In conclusion, minimal access surgery offers many advantages over traditional open surgery, including reduced trauma to tissues, reduced blood loss, reduced risk of infection, improved cosmetic results, and faster recovery times. However, it is a technically demanding procedure that requires specialized training and expertise, and can be more expensive than traditional open surgery. Patients should discuss their options with their healthcare provider and choose a surgical approach that is appropriate for their individual circumstances.