Page 22 - Journal of Laparoscopic Surgery - WALS Journal

Nuhu Musa Mshelia et al
Table 4: Pain perception and χ 2
Sl. no. PP observed (O) PP expected (E) O−E χ 2
1 2 2.55 −0.55 0.12
2 2 2.55 −0.55 0.12
3 3 2.55 0.45 0.08
4 3 2.55 0.45 0.08
5 3 2.55 0.45 0.08
6 2 2.55 −0.55 0.12
7 3 2.55 0.45 0.08
8 2 2.55 −0.55 0.12
9 3 2.55 0.45 0.08
10 2 2.55 −0.55 0.12
Graph 1: Mean operative time, recovery time, pain perception, 11 3 2.55 0.45 0.08
hospital stay (VAS: Visual analog scale). 12 3 2.55 0.45 0.08
13 2 2.55 −0.55 0.12
Table 2: Operative time and χ 2 14 3 2.55 0.45 0.08
Sl. no. RT observed (O) RT expected (E) O−E χ 2 15 2 2.55 −0.55 0.12
1 45 34.2 10.8 3.24 16 3 2.55 0.45 0.08
2 31 34.2 −3.2 0.29 17 2 2.55 −0.55 0.12
3 42 34.2 7.8 1.77 18 3 2.55 0.45 0.08
4 33 34.2 −1.2 0.04 19 3 2.55 0.45 0.08
5 35 34.2 0.8 0.01
6 35 34.2 0.8 0.01 20 2 2.55 −0.55 0.12
7 28 34.2 −6.2 1.12 PP: Pain perception
2
2
8 30 34.2 −4.2 0.51 χ = Σ(O−E) /E = 1.96
9 32 34.2 −2.2 0.14
10 28 34.2 −6.2 1.12
11 30 34.2 −4.2 0.51 Table 5: Hospital stay and χ 2
12 32 34.2 –2.2 0.14 Sl. no. HS observed (O) HS expected (E) O−E χ 2
13 38 34.2 3.8 0.42 1 19 22.1 −3.1 0.43
14 33 34.2 −1.2 0.04
15 36 34.2 1.8 0.09 2 18 22.1 −4.1 0.76
16 32 34.2 −2.2 0.12 3 22 22.1 −0.1 0.04
17 40 34.2 7.8 1.88 4 19 22.1 −3.1 0.43
18 36 34.2 1.8 0.09 5 22 22.1 −0.1 0.04
19 38 34.2 3.8 0.42 6 26 22.1 3.9 0.68
20 30 34.2 −2.2 0.14
0.9
RT: Recovery time 7 23 22.1 −0.1 0.03
8
0.04
22.1
22
χ = Σ(O−E) /E= 12.1 p-value = (C−1)(D−1) = 19
2
2
9 22 22.1 −0.1 0.04
Table 3: Recovery time and χ 2 10 23 22.1 0.9 0.03
11 22 22.1 −0.1 0.04
Sl. no. RT observed (O) RT expected (E) O−E χ 2 12 23 22.1 0.9 0.03
1 180 181 −1 0.01 13 24 22.1 1.9 0.16
2 180 181 −1 0.01
3 210 181 29 4.64 14 23 22.1 0.9 0.03
4 150 181 −31 5.31 15 25 22.1 2.9 0.38
5 150 181 −31 5.31 16 19 22.1 −3.1 0.43
6 180 181 −1 0.01 17 20 22.1 −2.1 0.19
7 180 181 −1 0.01 18 23 22.1 0.9 0.03
8 240 181 59 4.64
9 180 181 −1 0.01 19 24 22.1 1.9 0.16
10 180 181 −1 0.01 20 23 22.1 0.9 0.03
11 150 181 −31 5.31 HS: Hospital stay
12 180 181 −1 0.01 χ = Σ(O−E) /E = 4.00
2
2
13 190 181 9 0.44
14 180 181 −1 0.01
15 150 181 −31 5.31 CONCLUSION
16 180 181 −1 0.01
17 180 181 −1 0.01 In our yearly experience review, the result does point to
18 210 181 29 4.64
19 180 181 −1 0.01 a switch to a laparoscopic approach over open methods.
20 190 181 9 0.44 There is general acceptance from the public as indicated
RT: Recovery time by their quest for scarless surgeries. We have more
2
2
χ = Σ(O−E) /E = 36.15 work to compare conventional laparoscopy with single-
20