The weight loss surgery (bariatric) helps you lose weight and reduce the risk of health problems associated with obesity. Bariatric surgery helps weight loss in two main ways:
Restriction.
Surgery is used to physically limit the amount of food the stomach can hold, limiting the number of calories you can eat.
Malabsorption.
Surgery is used to shorten or avoid a part of the small intestine, reduces the amount of calories and nutrients the body absorbs.
Four common types of weight loss surgery are: Due to the increasing rates of obesity, more people are opting for weight loss surgery as a treatment, particularly those who have failed to through traditional programs. Today, there are several options for weight loss surgery. The procedures involved different types of surgery that vary when considering surgery, it is important that people are well informed before making your choice.
• Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding
• Gastric sleeve
• Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch
• Gastric bypass
Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding (Lap-Band)
The process of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, a band containing an inflatable balloon is placed around the upper stomach and clamped in place. This creates a small stomach pouch above the band with a very narrow opening for the rest of the stomach. A hole is then placed under the abdominal skin. A tube connects the hole of the strip. By injecting or withdrawing a fluid through the orifice, the balloon can be inflated or deflated to adjust the size of the band. Gastric band limits the volume of diet belly can hold, so you feel full faster, but does not reduce the absorption of calories and nutrients. Lap band is the safest and less invasive procedure. There is a low risk of complications, malnutrition and mortality.
The type of surgery that candidates choose depends on your specific needs, such as your current health and size and body weight. Because there are differences, the risks and benefits associated with each type of weight loss procedure, it is important that potential patients talk to your doctor or a surgeon.
Sleeve gastrectomy
In a gastrectomy, a portion of the stomach is separated and removed from the body. The remaining part of the stomach is formed into a tubular structure. This small stomach cannot hold as much food. It also produces less hormone ghrelin in appetite control, which can decrease your desire to eat. However, gastric sleeve does not affect the absorption of calories and nutrients in the gut. Also called stomach stapling, vertical banded gastroplasty reduces the amount of food the stomach can hold. It is cut and staple the stomach. This procedure does not interfere through usual digestion and absorption of nutrients and food. Today, the VBG is a common procedure. It is difficult to reverse and is not adjustable. Moreover, it is not effective for maintaining weight loss long term.
Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch
As together with sleeve gastrectomy, biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch procedure begins with the surgeon to remove a large part of the stomach. The valve that releases the food in the small intestine is left, while the first part of the small intestine known as the duodenum.
The surgeon then closes the middle part of the intestine and the final part is inserted directly into the duodenum. This is the duodenal switch. The separate part of the intestine has been removed from the body. Instead, it is replaced at the end of the intestine, allowing the bile and pancreatic digestive juices flow in this part of the intestine. As a result of these changes, preventing the intake of nutrients and calories. This, along with the smaller size of the stomach, leading to weight loss. This procedure is to shorten the digestive tract. Three-quarters of the stomach is removed. The stomach remains is diverted to the last part of the small intestine. The aim is to limit the number of calories that can be absorbed. The nutrients pass through without being broken down and absorbed by the bile and pancreatic enzymes. It is the cutting and stapling the stomach and intestine. It has the highest rate of mortality and postoperative complications. There are risks such as ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, nutritional deficiency, and "dumping syndrome," which are undigested contents that are released into the small intestine too quickly as a result nausea and cramps.
Gastric bypass
In gastric bypass, the surgeon creates a small pouch in the upper stomach. The pocket is the only part of the stomach to receive food. This significantly limits the amount you can eat and drink comfortably together. The small intestine is then cut a short distance below the main and connected to the new stomach pouch. Food is derived directly from the ladle into this part of the intestine. The main part of the stomach, however, is the digestive juices. The portion of the intestine still attached to the main stomach reattached lower. This allows digestive juices flowing into the small intestine. Some food now bypasses a part of the small intestine, less calories and nutrients are absorbed.
This surgery is to reduce stomach volume of food may contain calories and can absorb. The stomach is stapled to make a bag. A part of the intestine is secured to the small gastric pouch, avoiding most of the stomach and part of the intestines. The patient eats less and absorb fewer nutrients. This surgery is especially effective for patients with severe and morbid obesity. First is the rapid weight loss, but the risks include: reduced absorption of food, dumping syndrome, difficult to reverse and is not adjustable.
