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Surgical Aspects of the Possover LION Procedure
Table 2: Patient overview
ISNCSCI Neurologic Age of injury Bleeding Surgery time
00 Age Gender grades* level (year) (mL) (minutes) System ULS** CT*** Complications
1 45.1 Male A Th6 22.8 0 172 Boston + None
Spectra IPG
2 26.3 Female A Th7 2.4 0 176 Boston + None
Spectra IPG
3 28.9 Male A Th10 2.7 0 161 Boston + None
Spectra IPG
4 45.4 Male A Th12 16.2 0 191 Boston + IPG dislocation
Spectra IPG
5 47.4 Male A Th6 26.1 900 343 Boston + Bleeding
Spectra IPG
6 33.7 Male A Th3 16.9 0 125 Boston + None
Spectra IPG
7 22.6 Male A Th5 2.4 0 185 Boston + None
Spectra IPG
8 28.1 Male A Th5 9.3 0 224 Boston + None
Spectra IPG
9 47.0 Male A Th6 16.8 0 192 Boston + None
Spectra IPG
10 49.8 Male A L1 24.4 0 309 Boston + Mild/moderate pain in
Spectra IPG 3–4 days self-limiting
11 35.5 Male A Th8 9.1 0 137 Boston + Lead dislocation
Spectra IPG
12 34.4 Male A Th5 17.6 0 213 Boston + Urine blurred at
Spectra IPG dismission, need for
antibiotics 6 d
13 31.3 Male A Th11 2.9 0 191 Boston + None
Spectra IPG
14 46.0 Male A Th4 26.5 0 169 Boston + Necrosis of the skin
Spectra IPG above IPG poche, healed
by vacuum therapy
15 43.2 Female A Th8 24.7 0 194 Boston + Lead dislocation
Spectra IPG
16 30.4 Male A Th7 8.4 0 139 Boston + None
Spectra IPG
17 44.8 Male A Th4 3.7 0 147 St Jude/ None
Abbott EON
Mini IPG
18 26.8 Female A Th5 1.3 0 182 St Jude/ None
Abbott EON
Mini IPG
19 28.5 Male A L3 10.1 0 125 St Jude/ Neuropraxia, left ischiadic
Abbott EON nerve, normalized after
Mini IPG several months. Hardware
malfunction.
20 21.6 Male B Th7 1.6 0 132 St Jude/ Infection causing
Abbott EON explantation of
Mini IPG electrodes and IPG
*ISNCSCI, International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury;
**Ultrasound examination of IPG-area;
***Diagnostic CT abdomen, from the umbilical region with coronal and sagittal reconstructions made

the leads and the IPG was done externally without laparoscopy. detect postoperative infection. This corresponds with local
Within colorectal surgery, postoperative CRP measurements infections seen after the implantation of cardiac pacemakers,
17
may predict anastomotic leaks, but with the Possover LION which are often diagnosed only by swelling, redness, and
procedure, clinical wound examination may be necessary to tenderness of the skin. 18

World Journal of Laparoscopic Surgery, Volume 14 Issue 2 (May–August 2021) 79