Page 24 - World Journal of Laparoscopic Surgery

Evaluation of Various Port Positions for Minimal Access Cardiovascular and Thoracic Procedures

Fig. 26: Average timing for aorta cross-clamping in atrial septal defect Fig. 27: Surgeon’s discomfort level for aorta cross-clamping in atrial
closure with different manipulation angles septal defect closure with different manipulation angles

Fig. 28: Average timing for trimming of anastomotic end of LIMA for Fig. 29: Surgeon’s discomfort level for trimming of anastomotic end of
LAD grafting with different manipulation angles LIMA for LAD grafting with different manipulation angles

Timing for Aorta Cross-clamping in ASD Closure The average timings in seconds for 30°, 60°, and 90° were
Average timings (mean time) in seconds for aorta cross-clamping 34.17, 31.83, and 40.33 respectively. Here it is observed that only
in ASD closure at 30°, 60°, and 90° angle are 32.50, 31.00, and 40.50, the readings at 60° manipulation angle were reproducible at a
2
respectively. χ values at those angles are 2.88, 1.48, and 1.52. The p value of 30.141 at 5% level of significance, which further support
lowest time required is at 60° angle manipulation (Figs 26 and 27). any port position that will provide working angle of 60° as the
The average timings in seconds for 30°, 60°, and 90° were 32.50, ideal.
31.00, and 40.50 respectively. All the readings were reproducible at Timing for Grafting of Harvested LIMA to LAD in TECABG
a p value of 30.141 at 5% level of significance. It was demonstrated
that the 60° angle had shorter operative time followed by 30° and Average timings (mean time) in seconds for grafting harvested LIMA
then 90°. to LAD in TECABG at 30°, 60°, and 90° angle are 2110.83, 2097.33,
2
and 2146.17, respectively. χ values at those angles are 0.21, 0.11,
and 0.14. The lowest time required is at 60° angle manipulation
IMA Harvesting (Figs 30 and 31).
Timing for Trimming of Anastomotic End of LIMA for LAD
Grafting Esophagectomy
Average timings (mean time) in seconds for trimming of the Timing for Suturing and Tying the Surgeon’s Knot in
anastomotic end of LIMA for LAD grafting at 30°, 60°, and 90° angle esophagectomy
2
are 34.17, 31.83, and 40.33, respectively. χ values at those angles Average timings (mean time) in seconds for suturing and tying the
are 1.42, 1.28, and 1.52. The lowest time required is at 60° angle surgeon’s knot in esophagectomy at 30°, 60°, and 90° angle are
2
manipulation (Figs 28 and 29). 340.33, 304.50, and 359.33, respectively. χ values at those angles

110 World Journal of Laparoscopic Surgery, Volume 12 Issue 3 (September–December 2019)