Endoscopy is the visual inspection of the interior of the body through a small circular tube containing fibre optics. The endoscope is inserted into an orifice allowing a surgeon or physician to view internal organs.
The scope has a small diameter "snake-like" insertion tube that enters the body through an orifice and contains optical components that send an image from the inside of the body to a video monitor for the physician to view.
The indication of different types of endoscopy like upper GI or Lower GI rigid or flexible Air way or Intestinal depends on the type of problem patient have.
Upper GI endoscopy is the endoscopic examination of the upper portion of gastrointestinal tract by endoscope for diagnosing or treating any disease of this area.
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Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (en-doh-SKOH-pik REH-troh-grayd koh-LAN-jee-oh-PANG-kree-uh-TAH-gruh-fee) (ERCP) enables the surgeon to diagnose disease in the liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, and pancreas.
ERCP is generally very safe procedure when performed by surgeons who have had specific training and are experienced in endoscopic procedure. Complications are rare, however, they can occur.
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Possible complications of endoscopy include bleeding and puncture of the gastrointestinal tract. There is some report of severe damage of biliary tract by inexperienced surgeon even required whiple's procedure.